How do reducers reduce gear noise?
There are numerous methods for noise reduction in gearmotors, which can be divided into two categories: One is proactive noise reduction through design—this ensures the product inherently has low-noise performance from the very beginning of its formation. With the help of certain technical measures in manufacturing and assembly, the product can more easily meet lower noise requirements. The other is passive noise reduction for finished products, where remedial measures are taken on already formed products to make them meet the predetermined low-noise performance requirements. For example, improving machining accuracy and careful assembly on the product can achieve certain noise reduction effects; however, methods to improve gear accuracy and assembly accuracy come with significant economic costs, and there is a limit to the improvement of accuracy, which cannot be infinite.
Through research on gear transmission noise and analysis of international research (general situation), it is emphasized that using more damping materials in gears and installations, paying attention to gear design, measurement, inspection, and matching with good box design are methods to make gear transmission produce less noise. Studying the impact of externally applied damping layers on noise, especially for noise reduction remedies on already produced equipment, has the advantages of simplicity and convenience, low economic cost, no need to make any changes to the equipment structure, significant noise reduction effect, and high cost performance. Improvements to equipment can be comprehensively controlled with other noise reduction measures. In this way, under the current market economy conditions, it can not only enhance the market competitiveness of products but also improve performance and economic benefits, which is a better method that fully conforms to national conditions.
This paper conducts an in-depth discussion on noise reduction with externally applied damping layers through experimental research and proposes the main directions for applying damping layers. Due to the variety of gears and the limitations of experimental conditions, this paper focuses on the research of involute spur cylindrical gears.
To explore the effect and application of damping materials in reducing gear transmission noise, this study conducted the following experiments:
The noise when plastic or rubber is attached is almost all lower than that without damping materials, except at low speeds, which indicates that the scheme of attaching damping materials for noise reduction is correct. The noise reduction effect in the high-speed region is particularly obvious, which can reduce by 2-4 decibels. This is what we expect because solving the noise of gears at high speeds is the key to solving the noise problem of a pair of gears, the entire transmission system, and the entire gearmotor. This is of vital significance for gear noise reduction.
The noise reduction effect of speed reduction transmission by pasting damping materials is more obvious than that of speed increase transmission. The reason is that when the input speed is the same, the output speed of the speed reduction transmission is much lower than that of the speed increase transmission, so the sum of the transmission shaft speeds is smaller, and the noise is also smaller.
The noise when only the large gear is pasted with damping materials is almost all lower than that when both the large and small gears are pasted with damping materials.
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